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ATHLETIC FACILITIES DESIGN NCEF's resource list of links, books, and journal articles on the planning and design of school and university sports and recreation facilities, both indoor and outdoor. 
NFHS Court and Field Diagram Guide.
(National Federation of State High School Associations, Indianapolis, IN , 2008)
Provides a comprehensive collection of diagrams and specifications of playing fields and courts used in interscholastic and recreational sports, along with information on how to set up various formats of tournament drawings, how to compute golf handicaps, and how to convert metric-to-English distances. Lists are provided of national sports governing bodies for Olympic/Pan American sport organizations, affiliated sport organizations, armed forces sport organizations, community-based multisport organizations, and disabled and education-based multisport organizations. 129p.
TO ORDER:
P.O. Box 690, Indianapolis, Indiana 46206; Tel: 317-822-5700http://www.nfhs.com/index.asp?cmd=showsearch¶m_0=diagram 
Unlevel Playing Fields.
http://www.washlaw.org/projects/public_ed/documents/unlevel_04.pdf.pdf (Washington Lawyer's Committee, Washington, DC , Jan 2008)
Reports on inadequate athletic programs and facilities in District of Columbia schools. The report shows how the District lags in critical areas, such as funding and facility management; compares the District's investment in its athletic programs with those in the surrounding counties and other peer cities; and looks at the deteriorated state of the athletic facilities at Cardozo High School, which was highlighted in an earlier report by the same organization. Finally, the report closes with a discussion of the need for renewed efforts by city officials, concerned citizens, and business leaders to close the gap between District of Columbia Public School's athletic programming and the opportunities and facilities available elsewhere. 26p.
A Complete Guide to Sports and Recreation Surfaces.
http://recmanagement.com/features.php?fid=200707fe01&ch=1 (CAB Communications, Recreation Management Magazine, Palatine, IL , Jul 2007)
Advises on selection and care of synthetic turf, track and tennis court surfaces, and fitness room and gymnasium floors. 28p.
Facility Specifications.
http://www.athleticbusiness.com/specifications/ (Athletic Business, Madison, WI , 2007)
Provides regulation court and field diagrams for badminton, baseball, basketball, field hockey, football, ice hockey, lacrosse, racquetball, squash, handball, team handball, rugby, soccer, softball, wheelchair softball, swimming, tennis, track and field, volleyball, water polo, and wrestling. 26p.
Running Tracks: A Construction and Maintenance Manual, 6th ed.
(American Sports Builders Assn., Ellicott City, MD , 2007)
Discusses running track budgeting, planning and design; project delivery methods; the construction process; surface selection; field events, equipment, and amenities; marking; indoor tracks; and care and maintenance. Appendices include a glossary. Numerous drawings are included. 180p.
ISBN-978-0-9712745-4-6 TO ORDER: http://mitpress.mit.edu
Standard Design for Wyoming Schools: Track and Field, Football and Soccer Facilities.
http://sfc.state.wy.us/pdf/track_and_field_standard_design.pdf (Wyoming School Facilities Commission, Cheyenne , May 2006)
Provides a standard guideline narrative, specifications, and design plans for these athletic facilities in Wyoming schools. General design guidance is provided for tracks, site drainage, and fencing, as well as for specific field event areas. Technical specifications for demolition, sitework, asphalt, concrete, running surfaces, vaulting boxes, and jump boards are included. 91p.
Healthy Children Ready to Learn: Facilities Best Practices.
http://www.cde.ca.gov/re/pn/fd/documents/hcrtlfacilities.pdf (California Dept. of Education, Sacramento , 2006)
This looks at how educational design can contribute to healthier children through such design solutions as improved food service and physical education facilities, and site selection to encourage more walkable schools. 66p.
Tennis Courts: A Construction and Maintenance Manual, 4th ed.
(American Sports Builders Association and U.S. Tennis Association , 2006)
Discusses tennis court budgeting, planning and design considerations; project delivery methods; the construction process; surface selection; accessories and amenities; indoor court considerations; care and maintenance; and repair, reconstruction, and renovation. Numerous drawings accompany the text and a glossary is included. 246p.
ISBN-978-0-9713745-6-0 TO ORDER: http://sportsbuilders.org/page.php?id=147
Schools for the Future: Inspirational Design for PE & Sport Spaces.
http://www.teachernet.gov.uk/docbank/index.cfm?id=9628 (Dept. for Education and Skills, London, United Kingdom , 2005)
Advises on how to create physical education spaces that will serve all ability levels and promote lifelong habits of healthy living. The book consists of four parts: 1) "Vision," which discusses British policies that are setting the standard for new physical education and emphasizes the contribution good design can make. 2) "Design Principles," which summarizes the key issues that should be addressed to enable a successful project. 3)"Design Realisation," which offers design guidance for and case studies of high quality physical education delivery. 4)"Technical Detal," which offers technical guidance for design teams. Extensive photographs and diagrams accompany the text. 151p.
ISBN-1-84478-637-4
Planning Playgrounds and Athletics Facilities.
http://www.schoolfacilities.com/cd_1708.aspx Hill, Franklin (Schoolfacilities.com, Orange, CA , 2005)
Provides examples of typical problems encountered when school playgrounds and athletic fields are planned after the buildings, rather than as part of the educational specifications process. This oversight can lead to poor service to the educational program, depreciated safety of students, and lost opportunities for community use. Examples and recommondations are organized by high school, middle school, and elementary school considerations. 3p.
Facility Design and Management for Health, Fitness, Physical Activity, Recreation, and Sports Facility Development.
Sawyer, Thomas, ed. (Sagamore Publishing, Champaign, IL , 2005)
Offers extensive advice on athletic facility and event management, common facility components and their design, field and court specifications, recreational spaces, specialty areas, and trends. The book incorporates the knowledge of over 30 experts in the facilities planning and development field and may be used as a text for use in sport management and physical education administration courses. On-line resources are listed including a glossary, author biographies, 34 additional appendices, instructor's guide, Power Point presentations, and a VersaChad software design program with custom exercises 523p.
ISBN-1-57167-565-5 TO ORDER: 804 N. Neil St., Champaign, IL, 61820 http://www.sagamorepub.com
Lighting Guidelines.
http://downloads.asasoftball.com/about/pdf/lighting_guidelines.pdf (Amateur Softball Association of America, Oklahoma City, OK , 2004)
Presents this organization's recommendations for softball field lighting, including electrical and pole specifications, lamp selection, perimeter lighting, and environmental considerations. Schematic drawings and a glossary are included. 14p.
Baseball and Softball Fields: Design, Construction, Renovation, and Maintenance.
Puhalla, Jim; Krans, Jeff; Goatley, Mike (John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ , 2003)
Offers guidelines, specifications, and tips for the creation, reconstruction, maintenance, and management of baseball and softball facilities. Stadium and field design, fences, dugouts, bullpens, irrigation and drainage, soil selection, turf management, field aesthetics, renovation, and skinned-area maintenance are covered, along with material w ith material addressing growing zones and seasons in North America. 240p.
ISBN-9780471447931
Unlevel Playing Fields II: An Update on District of Columbia High School Athletic Programs, Facilities and Funding.
http://web.archive.org/web/20070821075611 (Parents United for DC Public Schools, Washington , Jul 2002)
Evaluates the state of these reforms proposed after the report "Unlevel Playing Fields" (2001) and the current state of D.C. high school athletic programs and funding. It also focuses special attention on the effort to establish a private foundation to supplement funding. 19p.
Unlevel Playing Fields: A Comparative Study of Athletic Programs, Facilities and Funding in the District of Columbia and Suburban Public School Districts.
http://www.dcwatch.com/parents/pu0106.htm (Parents United for DC Public Schools, Washington , Jun 2001)
Reports on the neglect of the District of Columbia school athtletic facilities, citing dangerously deteriorated buildings, equipment, and fields, and comparing them to superior facilities in suburban districts. 29p.
Designing Space for Sports and Arts: Design Guidelines for Sports and Arts Facilities in Primary Schools for Dual School and Community Use.
http://www.eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/ Young, Eleanor (Department for Education and Employment, London, England , 2001)
This guide offers general design proposal guidance for sports and arts spaces in England's primary schools, where these types of spaces can be used by both school and community members. It presents case studies and detailed specifications for the multipurpose main hall. It also discusses ways to deal with dual use design challenges in order to promote higher design quality and allow for innovation. Practical everyday design considerations also addressed include security, accessibility for disabled persons, health and safety, and environmental issues. 21p.
ERIC NO: ED461981 ;
Tennis Courts: A Construction and Maintenance Manual.
http://www.eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery (U.S. Tennis Court and Track Builders Assoc., Ellicott City, MD.; U.S. Tennis Assoc., White Plains, NY. , 1999)
This addresses court design and planning; the construction process; court surface selection; accessories and amenities; indoor tennis court design and renovation; care and maintenance tips; and court repair, reconstruction, and renovation. Numerous design and layout drawings are also included along with Tennis Industry Magazine's maintenance planner. Sources of information and a glossary of terms conclude the manual. 187p.
ERIC NO: ED433677 ; TO ORDER: American Sports Builders Association, 7010 W. Highway 71 Suite 340, PMB #312, Austin, TX 78735-8331; Tel: 512-858-9890, Toll free: 866-501-2722 http://sportsbuilders.org/
USTC & TBA Guidelines for Tennis Court & Running Track Construction.
http://sportsbuilders.org/page.php?id=11 (U.S. Tennis Court and Track Builders Assoc., Ellicott City, MD , 1998)
Guidelines are presented on tennis court and track field construction that reflect the latest developments in construction technology, methodology, and practice. Based on contributions from experienced certified tennis court and track builders, material suppliers and design professionals, this manual examines each of the critical areas of court and field design and construction issues to consider when building these facilities. Section One provides guidelines in the areas of general conditions for construction, site investigation and preparation, and vegetation control and drainage for recreational areas. Section Two focuses on tennis court guidelines that include court orientation and dimensions, court surfaces, lighting, surface painting, maintenance and repair of asphalt courts, conversion of hard to fast dry courts, and indoor tennis air structure construction. The third and final section addresses track guidelines and includes basic dimensions and site considerations, concrete construction, fencing, six types of track surfaces, field event construction, and layout and striping of running tracks. 215p.
TO ORDER:
U.S. Tennis Court and Track Builders Association
3525 Ellicott Mills Dr., Suite N Ellicott City, MD 243-4547
Tel: 410-418-4800http://www.ustctba.com
NFHS Court and Field Diagram Guide.
Gillis, John, Ed. (National Federation of State High School Associations, Indianapolis, IN , 1998)
Collection of diagrams and specifications of playing fields and courts used in interscholastic and recreational sports, along with information on how to set up various formats of tournament drawings, how to compute golf handicaps, and how to convert metric-to-English distances. Lists are provided of national sports governing bodies for Olympic/Pan American sport organizations, affiliated sport organizations, armed forces sport organizations, community-based multisport organizations, and disabled and education-based multisport organizations. 126p.
ERIC NO: ED433675 ; TO ORDER: NFHS Order Department, P. O. Box 361246, Indianapolis, IN 46236-5324; Toll free: 800-776-3462 http://www.nfhs.com
Climbing Walls: From Form to Function.
http://www.eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery Moore, Tim J. (Proceedings of the International Conference on Outdoor Recreation and Education , 1997)
Surveys were returned from 40 of 235 climbing gyms nationwide in an effort to identify or verify issues concerning the design, construction, and use of artificial climbing walls. Prominent or recurring themes such as space, design, and location were cited both as problems experienced by gyms and as features critical to gym success. Conclusions include a need for detailed planning; a need for planners to experience climbing and to confer with the climbing community; and a need for adequate space surrounding the wall to address safety issues and supporting services. 12p.
ERIC NO: ED419650;
ACSM's Health/Fitness Facility Standards and Guidelines.
Peterson, James A., Ed; Tharrett, Stephen J., Ed. (Human Kinetics,Champaign, IL , 1997)
The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) sets the industry standard for certifying professionals involved in health and fitness and their clinical applications. This 5-part ACSM publication provides a revised edition of six standards representing the industry's consensus on design and operation of a safe and high-quality health/fitness facility. Part 1 presents a list of the standards for health/fitness facilities and an overview and discussion of those standards. Part 2 sets guidelines concerning the physical plant safety, signage, organizational structure and staffing, user screening, and emergency/safety procedures. Parts 3 through 5 chronicle guidelines governing programming, staffing, safety, and facilities and equipment in programmed activity areas; nonactivity areas; and specialty areas. 224p.
ERIC NO: ED432121 ; ISBN-0-87322-957-6 TO ORDER: Human Kinetics, P.O. Box 5076, Champaign, IL 61825-5076; Toll free: 800-747-4457 http://www.humankinetics.com/PRODUCTS/
Buyer's Guide for Track Construction.
http://www.ustctba.com/page.php?id=618 (U.S. Tennis Court and Track Builders Assoc., Ellicott City, MD , 1996)
This booklet provides information on needs assessment, buying options, and decision making tips when acquiring a new school athletic track. Budgeting, site selection, track surface selection and developing working specifications, and contractor selection are covered. Hiring a consultant to assist in planning, building, or renovating a track facilityis also addressed. Contains lists of information sources, design professionals, and related publications. 15p.
TO ORDER:
USTCTBA; 3525 Ellicott Mills Drive, Suite N; Elicott City, MD 21043-4547; Tel: 410-418-4800http://www.ustctba.com
Sport Facility Planning and Management.
Farmer, Peter J.; Mulrooney, Aaron L.; Ammon, Rob, Jr. (Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology, Inc. , 1996)
This textbook offers students a mix of practical examples and recognized theory to help them in the planning, constructing, promoting, and managing of sports facilities. It examines topics ranging from the early history of sport facilities through to the managing of an event within a modern sport facility. The textbook offers case studies involving a wide variety of facilities, from fitness centers to race tracks to major stadiums. 333p.
ERIC NO: ED430381 ; ISBN-1-885693-05-2 TO ORDER: Fitness Information Technology, Inc., P.O. Box 4425, University Ave., Morgantown, WV 26504; Toll free: 800-477-4348
Facility and Equipment Management for Sport Directors.
Olson, John R. (Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL , 1996)
This book, intended for directors or managers of sport facilities, presents an
overview of management techniques, strategies, and considerations. The first section
focuses on planning for effective facility and equipment management. Part 2 presents specific strategies
for implementing and evaluating these plans. These strategies include guidelines, checklists, and
forms that illustrate important components of an equipment management plan. The section also
describes the importance of facility maintenance to the satisfaction and safety of users, provides
operational guidance to the overall supervisor and coordinator of the multiple activities in the
facility, considers the multiple aspects of facility scheduling, and outlines a comprehensive model
for planning and conducting new facility construction. 171p.
ERIC NO: ED419367; ISBN-0-87322-940-1 TO ORDER: Human Kinetics, P.O. Box 5076, Champaign, IL 61825-5076. http://www.humankinetics.com/
Buyer's Guide for Tennis Court Construction.
http://www.ustctba.com/page.php?id=16 (U.S. Tennis Court & Track Builders Assoc., Ellicott, MD. , 1995)
This booklet examines seven planning and decision-making tips for investing in and building tennis courts that can prolong court life and get the most from the investment. It examines defining needs, developing a budget, considering the use of a consultant, choosing a site, choosing a surface and developing working specifications, making specific choices regarding amenities and accessories to be included in the tennis court project, and hiring a qualified contractor. Tennis court surface classifications are also examined. The booklet concludes with lists of tennis organizations and design professionals. 17p.
TO ORDER:
U. S. Tennis Court & Track Builders Association, 3525 Ellicott Mills Drive, Suite N., Ellicott City, MD 21043-4547; Tel: 410-418- 4875
Guidelines for Movable Soccer Goal Safety.
http://www.cpsc.gov/cpscpub/pubs/rec_sfy.html (Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC. , Jan 1995)
This handbook presents guidelines for the installation, use, and storage of full-size or nearly full-size movable soccer goals to help prevent deaths and serious injuries from soccer goal tipover. The guide first reviews soccer goal injuries and deaths occurring in the United States and briefly examines the soccer rules associated with goals. It then examines the guidelines on goal design/construction, anchoring/securing/and counterweighting, goal storage and securing, and additional safety tips. Soccer goal warning labels and a consumer product safety alert on anchoring are attached. Appendices list soccer organizations for more information and contact information for the Coalition to Promote Soccer Goal Safety. 10p.
Facility Planning for Physical Education, Recreation, and Athletics.
Flynn, Richard B., Ed. (American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, Reston, VA , 1993)
This publication reflects the composite knowledge of many professionals on the topic of the planning and construction of facilities for athletics, physical education, and recreation. The text is organized into nine chapters: (1) "Facility Planning Process: Factors To Consider" (H. R. White and J. D. Karabetsos); (2) "Indoor Facilities" (E. Turner); (3) "Outdoor Facilities" (B. A. Macomber); (4) "Swimming Pools and Natatoria" (D. J. Hunsaker); (5) "Large Indoor Sports and Recreation Facilities" (T. Seidler); (6) "Ancillary Areas" (H. LaVoie); (7) "Recreation Parks and Camping" (E. Buchanan); (8) "Risk Management: Purpose and Value of Risk Management" (M. Rabinoff); and (9) "Trends in Facility Design" (D. Miller). Appendices provide information on planning facilities; associations pertinent to planning facilities, and planning for accessibility; Athletic Business Magazine's top athletic and recreational facilities; health, fitness, sports and recreation site inspection facility safety checklist and risk analysis; selected litigation, physical education; assumption, consent, waiver, release forms; safety certification for gymnastics; photos and floor plans of athletic and recreational facilities; and metric conversion formulas. 279p.
ERIC NO: ED356230; ISBN-0883145413
Large Indoor Sports and Recreation Facilities.
Seidler, Todd 1993)
This paper presents an overview and analysis of field houses, stadiums, arenas, and campus recreation centers. Examples of each of these structures is provided, with locations and descriptions. To ensure that any new construction of a large sports or recreation facility will meet the present and future needs of users, a number of considerations must be addressed during the planning process: site selection; single use versus multi-purpose facilities; modules; lighting, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning; entrances, exits, and lobbies; facility management offices; rest rooms; storage; spectator seating; and sight lines. Innovations in construction types include: geodesic domes; fabric structures; tension structures; air-supported structures; combined air-supported and tension structures; and portable air structures. 51p.
ERIC NO: ED356222;
Four Fabric Structures. A Report.
http://archone.tamu.edu/CRS/engine/archive_files Green, Peter (Educational Facilities Laboratories, New York, NY , Jul 1975)
Provides photographs and descriptions of four projects using fabric to enclose recreational facilities. Three of the four examples are air-supported structures: University of Santa Clara, Charles Wright Academy, and Milligan College. The other type of fabric roof, at La Verne College, is held up from a mast in a similar fashion to a circus tent. Technological information and costs are provided. 54p.
Physical Recreation Facilities.
http://archone.tamu.edu/CRS/engine/archive_files/EFL/6000.0109.pdf (Educational Facilities Laboratories, New York, NY , Apr 1973)
Explores the various current forms and shapes of facilities designed for physical education, interscholastic and intercollegiate sports, and recreation. School administrators are in the process of rethinking the classical facilities, i.e., the box-shaped gymnasium. Although this report does not advocate a general solution for everyone, it displays the more imaginative and economically prudent solutions that have been built or proposed for specific settings. 57p.
An Investigation of Costs of Inexpensive Enclosures for Recreational Areas.
http://archone.tamu.edu/CRS/engine/archive_files/EFL/6000.0204.pdf Koppes, Wayne F. (Educational Facilities Laboratories, New York, NY , Oct 1969)
Presents cost information of inexpensive types of clear-span structures used for recreational and athletic activities. Detailed cost calculations for four variations of air-supported structures; three variations of frameless corrugated steel arch; a rigid frame metal building; a plywood building with folded plate roof; a geodesic dome; a trussed steel arch building; and a steel rigid frame are analyzed, compared and summarized in both tabular and graph form.
Recommendations are included as to the essential features of the "ideal" structure for uses of this kind.
48p.
Air Structures for School Sports.
http://archone.tamu.edu/CRS/engine/archive_files/EFL/6000.0202.pdf Robertson, Nan (Educational Facilities Laboratories, New York, NY , May 1964)
Discusses the use of air structures for housing athletic facilities. Successful and unsuccessful projects are presented. A checklist of ten dos and don’ts are provided: 1) provide positive anchorage; 2) provide positive drainage; 3) protect envelope from sharp objects during erection; 4) provide protection against sharp protrusions inside the bubble; 5) control air leakage; 6) remove snow; 7) protect fan inlets; 8) periodically check inflation equipment; 9) provide auxiliary generators to maintain blower operation in case of power failure; 10) don’t attach lights to bubble skin. 28p.
Conventional Gymnasium vs. Geodesic Field House. A Comparative Study of High School Physical Education and Assembly Facilities.
http://archone.tamu.edu/CRS/engine/archive_files/EFL/6000.0215.pdf (Educational Facilities Laboratories, New York, NY , 1961)
Describes various design features of a high school’s geodesic dome field house. A comprehensive analysis is given of comparative costs of a geodesic dome field house and a conventional gymnasium. The study concludes that the geodesic field house has the advantage with respect to housing both physical education and assembly. Also the field house will cost somewhat less than the conventional gymnasium. Graphic illustrations are included.. 20p.
Hot Topic.http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1755&zoneid=10 Popke, Michael Athletic Business; v32 n4 , p84-86,88-90,92 ; Apr 2008
Reviews options for shading structures at athletic facilities, with particular attention to their health benefits and the many design and material options currently available.
St. Raphael Academy Alumni Hall Athletic and Wellness Center.http://www.d4cost.net/d4cweb/ProjectDetail?CaseNumber=RC080323 Design Cost Data; v52 n2 , p23,24 ; Mar-Apr 2008
Profiles this private secondary school athletic center, which accommodates competitive athletics as well as programs for those who are athletically challenged. Building statistics, a list of the project participants, cost details, and photographs are included.
The Games Students Play.
http://www.bdcnetwork.com/article/CA6529682.html Barista, Dave Building Design and Construction; v49 n2 , p44-48,50,52,53 ; Feb 2008
Discusses the trend towards higher education recreation facilities that rival private health clubs. Typical features, costs, student use, and recruitment advantages of these facilities are illustrated with examples of recently opened centers. Includes a list of what's in and what't out in university recreation facility design, and space planning standards in gsf per student.
Turn it Down: Dealing with Acoustical Issues in Recreational Facilities.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200802gc01.php Barkman, Art Recreation Management; v9 n2 , p8 ; Feb 2008
Discusses strategies for reducing reverberation in recreational facilities, including acoustical ceilings and banners, wall treatments, and transmission of sound from gymnasiums to adjacent spaces.
Shower Strategies: Reducing Maintenance and Water Use.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200802gc02.php Pfund, Ryan Recreation Management; v9 n2 , p10,11 ; Feb 2008
Discusses strategies for athletic facility showers, including maximizing shower room space, use of easy-to-clean surfaces, sophisticated temperature control valves, and low-flow showerheads.
Meet Lockers.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1709&zoneid=16 Brown, Nicholas Athletic Business; v32 n1 , p60-62,64,65 ; Jan 2008
Discusses current preferences in locker room design; attributes of metal, wood, and plastic lockers; and various lock configurations, including digital and card-operated access systems.
Fitness Assessment.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1705&zoneid=32 Popke, Michael Athletic Business; v32 n1 , p32-34,36-39 ; Jan 2008
Reviews the outcome of several Carl M. White Physical Education Program (PEP) grants, which gives federal money to help overhaul school fitness programs with new equipment and programming that encourages individual fitness training. The history, method of disbursal, and examples of school programs enhanced by the funds are included.
Good As New.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1701&zoneid=12 Popke, Michael Athletic Business; v32 n1 , p72-74 ; Jan 2008
Reviews athletic facility upgrades in the Buffalo Public Schools, focusing on the historic renovation of the formerly decrepit 1920's-era All-High Stadium.
Matrix Revolution.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1707&zoneid=20 Steinbach, Paul Athletic Business; v32 n1 , p40-44,46,48 ; Jan 2008
Discusses the latest digital scoreboard technology, which is increasingly preferred in high school installations. Features of these boards, their infrastructure requirements, and examples of some notable high school installations are included.
Rocking the House.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1700&zoneid=9 Steinbach, Paul Athletic Business; v32 n1 , p66-69 ; Jan 2008
Reviews concern over the effect of spectator movement on the structural integrity of stadiums. Damage to some structures is reported, as well as installation of structural monitoring systems, retrofitting for group movement, and limitations on the playing of pieces known to encourage movement.
27th Annual Facilities of Merit.
http://www.architecturalshowcase.com/2007/winners.aspx Athletic Business; v31 n12 , p50-52,54-58,60-62,64 ; Dec 2007
Describes the ten winners of this competition, which include five higher education athletic facilities that were chosen for superior functional planning, design, relationship to site, and cost-effectiveness.
Making Tracks.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1688&zoneid=10 Jordan, Janet; Blaisdell, Howard Athletic Business; v31 n12 , p118-120,122,124-126 ; Dec 2007
Advises on the design and equipping of sports tracks, including storage of the many varieties of track equipment, traffic flow, track configurations, surface specifications, finish line accuracy, infields, and special considerations for throwing areas.
2007 Architectural Portfolio: Specialized Facilities.
http://www.schooldesigns.com American School and University; v80 n3 , p194-236 ; Nov 2007
Profiles 33 outstanding new specialized school facilities selected for their innovation, sustainability, security, aesthetics, and life-cycle costs. These include art, performing arts, athletic, student health, service, K-12, science, and other facilities. Project information and photographs are included. (The URL for this citation links to the searchable database of American School and University Magazine's school design awards.)
Remaking History.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1669&zoneid=10 Cohen, Andrew Athletic Business; v31 n11 , p34-36,38,40,42 ; Nov 2007
Reviews intricacies of historic building and district designation, as well as donor or other constituent devotion to an existing building that are or may be used as higher education athletic facilities. A discussion of potential challenges to renovation or adaptive use is illustrated with several examples that illustrate steps taken, opposition encountered, and solutions found. Advice and standards on rehabilitation is included.
Kenyon Athletic Center.
http://archrecord.construction.com/projects/bts/archives/universities Murdock, James Architectural Record; v195 n11 , p154-158 ; Nov 2007
Profiles this new university athletic center featuring an expansive 165,000 square-foot open interior.
Dry Runnings.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1667&zoneid=10 Steinbach, Paul Athletic Business; v31 n11 , p46-52,54 ; Nov 2007
Advises on humidity control in athletic facilities, with particular attention to natatoriums and ice rinks. HVAC design, vapor barriers, dehumidification, water temperature, and indoor air conditions are covered.
Locker Logistics.
Sturgeon, Julie College Planning and Management; v10 n11 , p29,30,33 ; Nov 2007
Advises on how to create clean and attractive athletic locker rooms that help recruit and retain students. Proper flooring that is safe and cleanable, provision of soaps and shampoos that avoid the residues created by assorted products that users might bring themselves, value in locker composition material, proper lighting, and layout are covered.
Bowl Games.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1646&zoneid=10 Dethlefs, Don Athletic Business; v31 n10 , p48-54,56 ; Oct 2007
Reviews seating configurations in sports arenas, including ADA requirements, schemes for distribution of seats on tiers, spectator comfort, renovation, flexibility for various events, luxury suites, and club seating.
Square Roots.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1648&zoneid=25 Popke, Michael Athletic Business; v31 n10 , p76,78,80,82 ; Oct 2007
Discusses modular sports flooring, which is resilient, easily maintained, less expensive than wood, and may be permanently or temporarily installed. Maintenance of these floors, their recyclability, and the benefits of modular floors to various indoor sports are covered.
Lighting Goes to Hollywood.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1635.shtm Sturgeon, Julie College Planning and Management; v10 n10 , p48,50,52 ; Oct 2007
Reviews lighting considerations for higher education event spaces, such as theatres and arenas. Retrofitting modern fixtures into existing facilities, inexpensive effects, and spectator expectations are addressed.
Physical-Education Facilities/Recreation Centers.
American School and University; v79 n13 , p131-135 ; Aug 2007
Profiles four high school and university fitness centers honored in American School and University Magazine's Educational Interiors Showcase. The projects were selected for their high performance principles, innovation, functionality, contextual relationship, humanism, and building quality. Photographs and building statistics accompany a brief description of each project.
This Must Be the Place.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1597&zoneid=10 Cohen, Andrew Athletic Business; v31 n8 , p32-34,36,38,40 ; Aug 2007
Discusses environmental graphics and design for athletic facilities that enhance wayfinding as well as reinforce awareness of the institution's team mascot and colors. Advice on working with an architect/environmental design team is included.
Building Blueprints: Outdoor Athletic Facilities.
Neff, Thomas; Miller, Kyle School Planning and Management; v46 n8 , p48,49 ; Aug 2007
Reviews master planning, drainage, turf, soils, irrigation, support buildings, and seating for outdoor athletic facilities.
Behind the Scenes.
http://asumag.com/Construction/athletics/university_behind_scenes_3/ Dahnert, Roger; Pack, Andrew American School and University; v70 n12 , p20,22,24 ; Jul 2007
Discusses desirable features of locker rooms, team rooms, and training rooms to attract and retain coaches and student athletes.
On a Fast Track.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1570&zoneid=9 Steinbach, Paul Athletic Business; v31 n7 , p48-50,52,54,55,56 ; Jul 2007
Discusses the urgency with which many universities are approaching the building of new recreation facilities. Student demand for sophisticated facilities, escalating costs, and the quest for new recruiting incentives fuel the demand. Means of financing construction and covering operating costs are also discussed.
Back to School: A Look at Trends in Recreation and Sports in Schools and School Districts.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200706fe06.php Recreation Management; v8 n6 , p58-62 ; Jun 2007
Reviews trends in public school recreation facility use, including funding, community use, staffing, expansion plans, amenities, programming, and supervision.
Campus Recreation: A Look at Trends in Recreation at Colleges and Universities.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200706fe05.php Recreation Management; v8 n6 , p52-58 ; Jun 2007
Reviews higher education recreational facility offerings, focusing on staffing needs that are often met by student employees, increasing facility demands, design trends in newer facilities, and the increasing variety of programs and wellness modalities offered.
Restrooms and Locker Rooms.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/1391.shtm Dolan, Thomas School Planning and Management; v46 n6 , p30,32,34,36-38 ; Jun 2007
Discusses desirable, and more durable, locker room and restroom fixtures and furnishings. These inevitably cost more, but yield many more years of use due to their resistance to vandalism and the wear of ordinary use. The lower water use of newer fixtures also offer a return on the higher initial investment.
Necessary Luxury.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1381.shtm Milshtein, Amy College Planning and Management; v10 n6 , p51,52,54,56,58 ; Jun 2007
Discusses amenities for higher education sports team locker rooms. Luxurious "home away from home" facilities are considered useful recruiting tools, and essential to maintaining the morale of players enduring strenuous practice and playing schedules. Also covered are recommended bathroom features for non-varsity athletic locker rooms, faculty apartments, and dormitories, as well as water conservation.
Dream Fields, Lone Star Style.
http://www.bdcnetwork.com/article/CA6450441.html Yoders, Jeff Building Design and Construction; v48 n7 , p36-38,40 ; Jun 2007
Profiles several recently built sophisticated school athletic facilities in Texas, enabled by heavy demand and revenue from naming rights. The design and financing of these multi-use facilities is covered.
A Mean, Green Training Machine. University of North Texas Athletic Training Center and Dining Facility.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw2i.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p55 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic and dining facility, selected for its siting and simple exterior. Photographs and project statistics are included.
A Path through Wellness: University of Dayton RecPlex.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw2k.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p58 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, noted for its sloped circulation, thoughtful lighting, and engaging masonry coursing. Photographs and project statistics are included.
A Spacious Solution: The Ohio State University Recreation and Physical Activity Center.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw1c.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p28,29 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, selected for its accommodation of a complex program and ample daylighting. Photographs and project statistics are included.
A Vision of Welllness: Walter Payton Recreation and Wellness Center, Jackson State University.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw2m.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p60,61 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, selected for its capacious common spaces, technology integration, and seven-foot walk space underneath the entire facility. Photographs and project statistics are included.
A Walk in the Woods: Butler University Health and Recreation Complex.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw1a.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p24,25 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, selected for its use of site and spatial feel. Photographs and project statistics are included.
Architectural Showcase.
http://www.architecturalshowcase.com/2007/gallery.aspx Athletic Business; v31 n6 , 46-209 passim ; May 2007
This 20th annual compilation of notable new or renovated athletic facilities includes 38 public, private, and higher education installations. Photographs and statistics are included with each project description.
Building Campus Community: Southern Methodist University Dedman Center for Lifetime Sports.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw1e.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p32,33 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, selected for its success in creating a modern facility while adhering to the campus' traditional design. Photographs and project statistics are included.
Campus Oasis: The University of Texas at Austin, Gregory Gymnasium Aquatic Complex.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw1g.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p36,37 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, selected for its spa-like ambiance, dynamic open spaces, use of materials, and lighting. Photographs and project statistics are included.
General Assembly: Garland Special Events Center.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw1b.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p26,27 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning school and community arena, selected for its dramatic design and detailing. Photographs and project statistics are included.
It All Adds Up-and Down: The Pavilion at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw2g.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p52,53 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, selected for its daylighting, generous views to adjacent woods, and use of materials. Photographs and project statistics are included.
Room for Recreation: Student Recreation Center at California State University, Fresno.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw2c.php
Profiles this award-winning athletic facility, selected for its open design, flexibility, and inclusion of an auditorium and academic space. Photographs and project statistics are included.
Small Campus, Big Fun: Harold Alfond Athletic Center at Thomas College
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw2t.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p69 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, featuring an effective use of a modular building. Photographs and project statistics are included.
Sound Design, Sound Student Bodies: Schwartz Athletic Center Wellness Center Addition, Widener University.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw1h.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p38,39 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, selected for its inviting transparency, daylighting, and significant impact with minimal effort. Photographs and project statistics are included.
Stadium Solutions: George Dilboy Memorial Stadium.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw2f.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p51 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning facility, which serves several area high school teams and is properly scaled for its residential setting. Photographs and project statistics are included.
The Main Street Vision: University of Cincinnati Campus Recreation Center.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw1j.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p42,43 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate large athletic facility, selected for its ingenious design and organization of a recreation center, retail, dormitory rooms, dining, classrooms, and stands for adjoining football stadium Photographs and project statistics are included.
The Pillars of Wellness: University of North Dakota Wellness Center.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705aw2o.php Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p63 ; May 2007
Profiles this award-winning collegiate athletic facility, noted for its colorful interior, master planning for future expansion, and open floor plan. Photographs and project statistics are included.
Ready, Willing and Able.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1545&zoneid=31 Bynum, Marvin Athletic Business; v 31 n5 , p32-34,36-38 ; May 2007
Reviews options for accommodating the disabled in fitness centers, both those designed exclusively for the disabled, and those for accommodating fully-abled and physically challenged exercisers together. Examples from a university and a rehabilitation hospital facility are detailed.
Serving Students, Enhancing Campus Life.
Glazner, Steve Facilities Manager; v23 n3 , p24-28 ; May-Jun 2007
Provides brief profiles of ten new auxiliary facilities higher education institutions. These included residence halls, dining facilities, bookstores, student unions, sports and recreation facilities, and parking.
Creating a Winning Plan for Athletic Equipment Storage.
Nelson, Gregg School Planning and Management; v46 n5 , pA10,A12-A15 ; May 2007
Advises on creating an effective athletic equipment storage scheme. Recommended steps include: 1) Assess the quantity, condition, and of the equipment. 2) Develop traffic flow logistics. 3) Consider multiple, but compatible, use of rooms. 4) Find and use wasted space. 5) Ensure that facilities accommodate proper cleaning and aerated storage. 6) Standardize inventory, distribution, and replacement schedules.
Hearts on the Line.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1534&zoneid=35 Popke, Michael Athletic Business; v 31 n5 , p82,84,85 ; May 2007
Reviews Texas' precedent-setting mandate to include automated external defibrillators (AED's) in school athletic facility equipment, as well as the trend in other states toward mandating their presence in schools. Advice on costs, placement of the equipment, and staff training is included.
Dressed to Impress.
http://www.recmanagement.com/200705fe01.php Ryan, Joseph Recreation Management; v8 n5 , p12-17 ; May 2007
Advises on the most popular and affordable locker room amenities, which include quality lockers, private showers, fresh paint and carpet, and enough space for individuals to move around in. Regular staff walk-throughs are recommended to pick up dropped items and check cleanliness. Tile and grout should not be white, as it is too difficult to keep clean-looking.
Show Time.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1543&zoneid=62 Steinbach, Paul Athletic Business; v 31 n5 , p40-42,44,45 ; May 2007
Reviews conversion of sports venues for non-athletic events, including types of floor, turf, and ice coverings and how they are deployed, as well as temporary seating and audio systems.
Best Places to Live.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1496&zoneid=32 Bynum, Marvin Athletic Business; v31 n3 , p88-90,92,94,96 ; Apr 2007
Profiles wellness-centered campus living environments that feature easy access to fitness facilities, as well as on-site programs and facilities that are used to teach healthy lifestyles and cooking.
See Change.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1494&zoneid=10 Cohen, Andrew Athletic Business; v31 n3 , p46-48,50,52,54 ; Apr 2007
Discusses state-of-the-art glass applications for athletic facilities. Transparency of the building exterior and interior, shatter resistance, safety, CPTED, and costs are covered.
For Your Convenience.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1495&zoneid=16 Dymecki, David; Stevens, Tim Athletic Business; v31 n3 , p56-58,60,62,64 ; Apr 2007
Discusses new locker room configurations that more appropriately accommodate current college student use, which often involves no desire to shower on site, or a desire to use the athletic facility as a thoroughfare between other activities.. Half, "Z", six-tier, cubbies, and wallet/ key lockers are described.
Pardon Our Dust.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1493&zoneid=29 Popke, Michael Athletic Business; v31 n3 , p34-36,38,40,42,44 ; Apr 2007
Advises on how to keep campus recreational opportunities available in times of renovation. Examples of how alternative fitness facilities were provided, how existing spaces were converted for alternate fitness activities, and how to accommodate administrative staff are provided.
High Standards.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1498&zoneid=11 Steinbach, Paul Athletic Business; v31 n3 , p66,67 ; Apr 2007
Reviews controls for raising and lowering ceiling-suspended retractable equipment such as basketball goals and volleyball nets. Ways to save money at installation and staff time during operation are covered.
Roof Lines.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=1512&zoneid=10 Cohen, Andrew Athletic Business; v31 n3 , p80-84 ; Mar 2007
Discusses types of roofs for athletic facilities, with variations in design and materials noted according to climate and building purpose. Typical warranty limitations, the work of roof inspectors, current energy-saving measures, and other environmental considerations are considered.
Friday Night Fever.
http://www.districtadministration.com/viewarticle.aspx?articleid=1093 Kendler, Peggy District Administration; v43 n3 , p34-40 ; Mar 2007
Profiles recent large and luxurious new high school stadiums, what they feature, how they were financed, and, in some cases, the amenities they offer for community use. Tips for planning and design of a new facility are included, as are suggestions for supplemental private funding from sponsorships and luxury box rentals.
Grand-Slam Scoreboards.
http://recmanagement.com/200703fe02.php Summerfeld, Brian Recreation Management; v8 n3 , p26-30 ; Mar 2007
Describes current scoreboard technology, focusing on LED illumination that provides a clear image with lower electrical costs and longer bulb life. Advantages, disadvantages, and challenges to installation and operation are discussed.
A Wonder of Modern Design Closes Deals in the Heartland.
Wolverton, Brad The Chronicle of Higher Education; v53 n25 , pB1-B3 ; Feb 23, 2007
Profiles Kenyon College's athletic center, a large and heavily-used facility that includes and indoor pool and tennis courts, an auditorium, meeting rooms, a running track, basketball court, dance classrooms, and fitness rooms. The mega-facility figures prominently in the College's ability to attract and retain students.
The Good Life.
http://asumag.com/Construction/athletics/university_good_life/ Kennedy, Mike American School and University; v79 n6 , p34,36,37 ; Feb 2007
Describes the trend toward elaborate, amenity-laden recreation centers on college campuses that have the intent of attracting students and keeping students on campus more. Examples of facilities at Southern Methodist University, Boston University, and Ohio State University, and the University of Cincinnati are described.
Football Strength and Conditioning Facility, Syracuse University.
http://www.d4cost.net/d4cweb/ProjectDetail?CaseNumber=EU070126 Design Cost Data; v51 n1 , p26,27 ; Jan-Feb 2007
Profiles this new facility featuring extensive glazing that reveals the activity within. Building statistics, a list of the project participants, cost details, floor plans, and photographs are included.
Lindner Athletics Center.
http://archrecord.construction.com/projects/portfolio/archives/0701ohio.asp Amelar, Sarah Architectural Record; v195 n1 , p72-77 ; Jan 2007
Profiles this University of Cincinnati athletic center that curves into a very tight site squeezed by a football stadium, basketball arena, and campus recreation center. Plans, photographs, and a list of project participants are included.
The School Spirit of Adventure.
Bloch, Daniela Recreation Management; v8 n1 , p48,49 ; Jan 2007
Profiles Ohio States new Adventure Recreation Center, which includes 4,000 square feet of climbing surfaces, a bouldering cave, 5,000 square feet of fitness space, two indoor turf fields, four hardwood courts, spectator seating, and locker rooms.
Training Spaces.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/ Bynum, Marvin Athletic Business; v31 n1 , p30-32,34,36,38,40 ; Jan 2007
Discusses trends for design and amenities of athletic training facilities, the expansion of which typically finds its origin in professional venues, with gradual adoption at the collegiate level as well. Extensive facilities are typically more useful at the training facility that at the playing facility, because the training facility is used so much more. Examples of innovative design and multi-use in recently built collegiate training facilities are included.
West Campus Tennis and Recreation Center.
Cardinal-Pett, Claire Iowa Architect; n259 , p32,33 ; 2007
Profiles this new University of Iowa tennis facility that was built in an atmosphere of extreme cost-cutting.
Athletic Facility Planning for Schools.
Roettger, Lloyd; Clough, Curtis Educational Facility Planner; v41 n4 , p22-26 ; 2007
Considers basic principles of planning new or renovated school athletic facilities. The duality of their use for athletic and educational purposes, as well as the multiple constituencies that will occupy them indicate strategic planning and community involvement. Includes eight references.
Facility Focus: Health/Wellness Centers.
College Planning and Management; v9 n12 , p36,37 ; Dec 2006
Profiles new student wellness centers at the Universities of North Dakota and Central Florida. Fitness and health service offered, as well as building features are described.
Designing for Sports: Children Dive in with Ideas.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/1252.shtm Davids, John School Planning and Management; v45 n12 , p32-35 ; Dec 2006
Profiles a design charrette for students surrounding the construction of a family aquatic center by the Spring Lake (Michigan) Public Schools. Several "themes" were elaborated by student teams, with the scheme entitled "Neptune's Underwater World" being the final selection.
All Costs Considered. http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/ Hughes,Wayne Athletic Business; v30 n12 , p82-85 ; Dec 2006
Reviews "macro" and "micro" building decisions which can dramatically impact the cost of a campus athletic facility. Macro decisions include floor plan and volume efficiency. Micro decisions include roofing, interior partitions, floor coverings, acoustical systems, and pool design. Site investigation and Construction Manager project management are also considered.
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