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CAMPUS SAFETY AND SECURITY NCEF's resource list of links, books, and journal articles on safety and security issues on college and university campuses. 
Natural Disasters and School Construction. [Podcast]
http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_44629.html (United Nations Radio, New York, NY, Jun 25, 2008)
Presents an audio inteview that reviews loss of children's lives within schools that were damaged by recent natural disasters. The design and seismolological professionals interviewed advocate for better design and construction of schools worldwide, along with better and quicker restoration of school housing after natural disasters. Improvements in school construction undertaken after lessons learned from the disasters are noted. Also urged are improved preparation and acceptance of the inevitability of natural disasters, improved training for the building profession in developing countries, recognition of the disproportionate affect of disasters on vulnerable populations.
Campus Violence Prevention and Response: Best Practices for Massachusetts Higher Education.
http://www.mass.edu/library/Reports/CampusViolencePreventionAndResponse.pdf (Massachusetts Dept. of Higher Education, Boston , Jun 2008)
Reports on current practice for violence prevention on Massachusetts higher education campuses. In four sections, the report defines the nature and scope of campus violence, reviews previous reports of study groups and task forces and discusses established best practices for enhancing campus safety and violence prevention, examines the current state of security and violence prevention at institutions of higher education throughout Massachusetts, and makes 27 recommendations for how Massachusetts schools can best improve their security and violence prevention efforts. The report also cites numerous safety deficiencies across the state system and urged the 29 public colleges to take immediate steps to rectify them. 127p.
The Ripple Effect of Virginia Tech.
http://www.mhec.org/policyresearch/052308mhecsafetyrpt_lr.pdf (Midwestern Higher Education Compact, Minneapolis, MN , May 2008)
Reports how higher education institutions have addressed campus as a result of safety audits conducted after recent shootings at Virginia Tech and other campuses. Survey methodology, a summary of safety audits, prevention, mitigation, recovery, notification systems, security monitoring and enhancement, recognizing and responding to student behavior, and budgetary impacts are addressed. 32p.
Door Locking Options for Schools.
http://www.ncef.org/pubs/door_locks.pdf (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC , Apr 2008)
Explains the building and fire code requirements governing doors in schools, discusses existing door locking options, and describes the varied and sometimes conflicting safety- and security-related functions of school doors. The California Department of Education's recommendations for school entrances, doors, and access control, as well as eight references 4p.
Low-Cost Security Measures for School Facilities.
http://www.ncef.org/pubs/low_cost_measures.pdf (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC , Apr 2008)
Presents 50 school safety and security measures that may be implemented at little or no cost and without the use of complex technology. These measures are selected from the assessment guides that supplement the NCEF publication Mitigating Hazards in School Facilities. 4p.
School Security Technologies.
http://www.ncef.org/pubs/security_technologies.pdf Schneider, Tod (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC , Apr 2008)
Provides current information on school security technologies, including access control systems, surveillance equipment, weapons detectors, communications and alarm systems, and emergency notification systems (ENS). Explains the shift underway from individual system controls to an IP (Internet protocol) model where everything feeds into the same network. Updates and replaces two landmark publications on school security technologies. 10p.
Environmental Compliance Assistance Guide for Colleges and Universities.
(APPA: The Association of Higher Education Facilities Officers, Alexandria, VA, 2008)
Assists facilities and campus safety professionals in meeting the basic requirements of environmental regulations. The guide provides a basic understanding of obligations and responsibilities, and helps develop compliance plans for a campus. It includes a listing of current laws and regulations, such as the Clean Air and Water acts, CERCLA, FIFRA, RCRA, and more. This second edition updates the key environmental rules and regulations affecting physical surroundings of campuses. 106
ISBN 1-890956-45-7 TO ORDER: APPA, 1643 Prince Street, Alexandria, VA 22314; Tel: 703-684-1446 http://www.appa.org
Mitigating Hazards in School Facilities.
http://www.ncef.org/pubs/mitigating_hazards.pdf (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC , 2008)
This NCEF publication describes a process for assessing the safety and security of school buildings and grounds, making a hazard mitigation plan, and implementing the plan. Steps include: select an assessment tool; assemble an assessment team; look at the record; perform the assessment; write up the results; create a standing committee on hazard mitigation; prepare a hazard mitigation plan; understand risk; weigh passive vs. active safety; select security technology with care; improve school climate; calculate costs, locate funding; seek input; coordinate hazard mitigation with crisis planning; start small, think big; justify thoroughly; meet regularly, advocate continually; and benefit mutually.
4p.
NCEF School Safety Assessment Guides.
http://www.ncef.org/pubs/pubs_html.cfm?abstract=mitigating2 (National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, Washington, DC , 2008)
The 25 guides found on the lower portion of this web page assist in the school safety assessment process. Each downloadable guide addresses a specific area or space within the school, presenting a series of "yes-no" questions that assess the safety and security of physical features typical for that area. 67p.
Twenty-first Century Security and CPTED.
Atlas, Randall (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL , 2008)
Presents a collection of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) writings by CPTED practitioners. These essays outline contemporary national building security codes, best practices, and standards of care in private and public buildings. The book includes sample security and real-world applications of CPTED theory and practice, examines architectural surety from the perspective of risk analysis and liability, and explores next generation CPTED practices based on emerging security and safety concerns. 400 photos, diagrams, tables, and checklists accompany the text. 559p.
TO ORDER:
http://www.crcpress.com/
Report to the President: On Issues Raised by the Virginia Tech Tragedy.
http://www.hhs.gov/vtreport.pdf (U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, U.S. Dept. of Education, U.S. Dept. of Justice; Washington, DC , Jun 13, 2007)
Summarizes findings from meetings between federal delegations and state officials in the aftermath of the April 16, 2007 shooting at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech). The findings include: 1) Obstacles exist to critical information sharing between education officials, healthcare providers, law enforcement personnel, and others. 2) State laws and practices do not uniformly ensure that information on persons restricted from possessing firearms is appropriately captured and available to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). 3) Parents, students, and teachers must learn to recognize warning signs and encourage those who need help to seek it. 4) Meeting the challenge of adequate and appropriate community integration of people with mental illness requires effective coordination of community service providers. Though state and local leaders pointed out that these issues reside primarily with states and localities, this report also identifies steps the three federal agencies can take to ensure federal law and activities support, rather than impede, state and local efforts to deal with the complex issues raised by the Virginia Tech tragedy. 22p.
Senate Hearings: Security on America's College Campuses
http://hsgac.senate.gov/index.cfm (U.S. Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, Apr 23, 2007)
The Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee held a joint hearing on April 23 exploring the adequacy of security plans, communications systems, and mental health resources. Includes opening statements by Senators Joseph I. Lieberman and Susan M. Collins and witnesses testimony by David Ward, President, American Council on Education; W. Roger Webb, President, University of Central Oklahoma; Steven J. Healy, President, International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, Director of Public Safety, Princeton University; Russ Federman, Director of Counseling and Psychological Services, Department of Student Health, University of Virginia; and Irwin Redlener, Director, National Center for Disaster Preparedness, Associate Dean for Public Health Preparedness, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University.
Educational Facilities Disaster and Crisis Management Guidebook. [Florida]
http://www.ncef.org/pubs/edfacilities-disaster-management-guidebook-2007.pdf (Florida Department of Education, Tallahassee , Jan 02, 2007)
Provides direction for disaster preparedness planning and management in a variety of disasters affecting school districts and community colleges. The book is intended for facility managers, and is organized around four phases of emergency management: preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. The dual issues of schools as emergency shelters and their prompt return to an educational function are covered. 38 references are included, as is an appendix advising on sheltering, mental health, debris removal, family preparedness, and other related topics. (This very large document may take several minutes to download. Or, you can right click on the link and save it to your computer.) 232p.
Campus Safety Audit
http://www.securityoncampus.org/students/audit.pdf (Security on Campus, Inc. , 2007)
Checklist for determining safety on campus in the areas of residence hall security, visitors, security patrols in residence halls, roommate conflicts, health services, campus security, and parental notification. 2p.
Protecting School Perimeters.
http://securitytechnologies.ingersollrand.com/pdfs/Protecting_school_perimeters.pdf (Ingersoll Rand, Hamilton, Bermuda , 2007)
Briefly addresses school access control through improved electronic access over key control, as well as biometrics. Examples from a high school and two school systems are cited. 5p.
Texas School Safety Center: Campus Safety and Security Audit Toolkit.
http://www.txssc.txstate.edu/txssc/downloads/ (Texas State University, San Marcos , 2007)
Assists safety audit teams with their work, being a toolkit written for personnel who will be conducting the audit, and including a campus safety and security audit tool. A variety of survey, interview, and assessment instruments are included at the site. The school safety audit checklist addresses safety and security of the site and building exterior, access control, the safety and security of the building interior, the type and extent of monitoring and surveillance, communication and information security, development of emergency operations plans, and school climate and culture (including development and enforcement of policies). 32p.
Creating and Maintaining Safe College Campuses: A Sourcebook for Enhancing and Evaluating Safety Programs.
Jackson, Jerlando F. L., Ed.; Terrell, Melvin Cleveland, Ed. (Stylus Publishing, LLC , 2007)
This book serves as a sourcebook to enhance and evaluate safety programs, generate new solutions and interventions, comply with new legislation, and present practical steps and guidelines to establish best practices. It pays particular attention to the factors that may give rise to crime, considering high-risk drinking and examining the intersection between hate crimes and violence. 286p.
TO ORDER:
http://styluspub.com/Books/BookDetail.aspx?productID=143546
Fire Safety 101: A Factsheet for Colleges and Universities
http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/downloads/pdf/fswy8.pdf (U.S. Fire Administration, Mar 2006)
Tips to help reduce and prevent the loss of life and property in dormitory and university housing fires. 1p
Campus Public Safety Preparedness for Catastrophic Events: Lessons Learned from Hurricanes and Explosives.
http://www.iaclea.org/visitors/PDFs/LessonsLearnedReportFinal.pdf (International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, West Hartford, CT , 2006)
Presents the demographic information, chronology of priorities, emergency plans, command and coordination, equipment and logistics, communications, staff and critical incident stress management, recall and staffing, lessons learned, and unmet needs of fifteen higher education institutions affected by Hurricanes Katrina or Rita, or by bomb incidents. 148p.
Elements of Campus Security Design Guidelines.
http://www.securitymanagement.com/archive/library (Aegis Security Design, Louisville, KY , Jul 25, 2005)
Presents a summary of principle security-related issues that should be addressed in a campus design manual. The document details each category of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) that should be covered, including in each category the particular design features that must be considered. A 16-division design directive corresponding to the MasterFormat divisions is also provided. 8p.
Protecting Schools with Advanced Access Control Systems.
http://www.securityinfowatch.com/article/printer.jsp?id=3219 Vigue, Beverly (www.securityinfowatch.com, Kennesaw, GA , Mar 01, 2005)
Proposes a four-level "security pyramid" to organize campus security, with ascending levels representing more sophisticated, and probably less frequently needed, security technologies. Varieties of security technology and how they have been deployed in various school districts and higher education institutions are described. 4p.
National Summit on Campus Public Safety. Strategies for Colleges and Universities in a Homeland Security Environment.
http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/files/ric/Publications/NationalSummitonCampusPublicSafety.pdf (U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services [COPS], Sep 24, 2004)
This report is the result of a COPS-sponsored project led by the Mid-Atlantic Regional Community Policing Institute to take an in-depth look at current activities and future needs in the field of campus safety. By identifying notable successes in campus safety and security and how they may be replicated, campus police agencies, local law enforcement, and national organizations can plan courses of action, short-term and long-term, for advancing safety and security on the nation's college and university campuses.
84p.
Keeping Schools Safe in Earthquakes.
http://www.oecd.org/document/61/0,3343,en_2649_37455_34748797_1_1_1_37455,00.html (Organisation for Co-Operation and Economic Development, Programme on Educational Building, Paris, France , 2004)
Reports on a 2004 conference of international seismic and educational facility experts. Part 1 discusses the recognition of obstacles to improving seismic safety of schools in various countries. Part II defines seismic safety principles for schools. Part III discusses assessing vulnerability and risks to schools and other public buildings. Part IV identifies strategies and programs for improving school seismic safety. Part V presents the group's recommendations for improving seismic safety in schools. 242p.
Transportation and Sustainable Campus Communities: Issues, Examples, Solutions.
Toor, Will; Havlick, Spenser, W. (Island Press, Washington, DC , 2004)
Examines techniques for managing transportation in campus communities. Alternatives to single-occupancy vehicles are presented, along with case studies that show how transportation demand management programs have worked in a variety of campus communities, ranging from small towns to large cities. The case studies highlight what works and what does not, as well as the programmatic and financial aspects involved. 293p.
ISBN-1-55963-922-9 TO ORDER: Island Press, 1718 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC, 20009 http://www.islandpress.com
Building a Disaster-Resistant University.
http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1565 (Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC , Aug 2003)
This guide is intended to support efforts by universities to reduce and manage their vulnerability to hazards. It includes a description of a disaster-resistant university; how to perform a risk assessment; developing interest and support; developing a loss reduction plan; maintaining interest; and additional information. This is both a how-to guide and a distillation of the experiences of six universities and colleges that have been working to become more disaster-resistant 55p.
Campus Public Safety: Weapons of Mass Destruction Terrorism Protective Measures.
http://www.ed.gov/admins/lead/safety/emergencyplan/campussafe.html (U.S. Department of Education; U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office for Domestic Preparedness, Washington, D.C. , Apr 2003)
The Office for Domestic Preparedness, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, has compiled suggestions for the approximately 4,000 Title IV institutions of post-secondary education in the United States serving 15 million students, and several million faculty, staff and visitors. Within available resources, and consistent with each college or university's policies, procedures and governing philosophy, consideration may be given to the affirmative steps listed on this webpage to prevent, deter, or effectively respond to a weapons of mass destruction terrorist attack. These steps may be calibrated to local, state, or national alert levels.
Transportation and Parking Issues
http://appa.org/files/PDFs/2003Trans&Parking.pdf (APPAInfo List Archives, 2003)
Questions and answers on college and university transportation and parking issues, including such topics as the cost of parking garages, student parking fees, university fleet progams, and handicapped parking. 5p.
Environmental Compliance Assistance Guide for Colleges and Universities.
(APPA: The Association of Higher Education Facilities Officers, Alexandria, VA , 2002)
Assists campus facility and safety professionals in meeting the basic requirements of environmental regulations. The guide provides a basic understanding of obligations and responsibilities under the law, and helps the reader develop compliance plans for the campus. A listing of current laws and regulations, such as the Clean Air and Water acts, CERCLA, FIFRA, RCRA, and more is included, as are numerous resources and references. 195p.
ISBN-1-890956-24-4 TO ORDER: APPA, 1643 Prince St., Alexandria, VA, 22314; Tel: 703-684-1446 http://www.appa.org/applications/publications/index.cfm
Mission Continuity Planning: Strategically Assessing and Planning for Threats to Operations.
Qayoumi, Mohammad H. (National Association of College and University Business Officials, Washington, DC. , 2002)
This book covers the principles of risk and risk management and offers a framework for analyzing the significant, often unforeseen threats facing higher education institutions today. It examines the critical elements of a disaster preparedness plan and addresses business continuity and mission continuity planning. The book also provides tools for calculating system reliability and examines facilities-related risks. The book guides institutions in putting plans in place to minimize or eliminate service interruption to the processes that are critical to the organization. The chapters are: (1) "Risk Management"; (2) "Disaster Preparedness"; (3) "Business Continuity Planning"; (4) "Calculating System Reliability"; and (5) "Addressing Facilities-Related Risks." (Contains 26 references.) 69p.
ERIC NO: ED469331 ; TO ORDER: National Association of College and University Business Officials, P.O. Box 362, Annapolis Junction, MD 20701-0362 Tel: 866-348-6300. http://www.nacubo.org.
Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards.
http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=1415 (United States Federal Emergency Management Administration, Washington, DC , Mar 2001)
Presents a method to quickly identify, inventory, and rank buildings posing risk of death, injury, or severe curtailment in use following an earthquake. The procedure can be used by trained personnel to identify potentially hazardous buildings with a 15- to 30-minute exterior inspection, using a data collection form included in the handbook. A significant difference in this second edition is the need for a higher level of technical engineering expertise on the part of the users. The structural scoring system has been revised, based on new information, and the handbook has been shortened and focused to make it easier to use. 164p.
Report NO: FEMA 154, 2nd ed.
Handling Natural Disasters on Campus.
(International Assn. of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, West Hartford, CT , 2001)
Relates the experiences of campus law enforcement officers in handling specific hurricanes, floods, and blizzards, as well as planning for earthquakes and other natural disasters. 99p.
TO ORDER:
342 North Main St., West Hartford, CT, 06117-2507; Tel: 860-586-7517, Fax: 860-586-7550http://www.iaclea.org/visitors/resources/publication/index.cfm
Earthquake Preparedness 101: Guidelines for Colleges and Universities
http://www.scup.org/emp/ep101-all.pdf (California Governor's Office of Emergency Services, Earthquake Program , Nov 2000)
Detailed information on earthquake preparedness, earthquake response, and post-disaster recovery, written for university and college emergency managers. 98p.
Hazardous Materials Management Manual, 2nd Edition, University of Missouri- Columbia.
http://ehs.missouri.edu/haz/manuals/hazardous-materials.pdf (University of Missouri-Columbia , Sep 2000)
Provides guidance to the campus community on the safe handling of hazardous materials, focusing on procedures for materials that are no longer needed. The document emphasizes safety and provides guidance on compliance procedures, also placing emphasis on how to reduce waste and prevent pollution. For this purposes of this document, hazardous chemicals are those that exhibit one or more of the following characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity. 40p.
Handling Crime Prevention on Campus.
(International Assn. of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, West Hartford, CT , 1995)
Discusses higher education campus safety and crime prevention programs, critical issues in crime prevention, and theft management initiatives. Programs at three institutions are described. 103p.
TO ORDER:
342 North Main St., West Hartford, CT, 06117-2507; Tel: 860-586-7517, Fax: 860-586-7550http://www.iaclea.org/visitors/resources/publication/index.cfm
Handling Special Events on Campus.
(International Assn. of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, West Hartford, CT , 1994)
Advises higher education institutions on safety and security when hosting international sporting events, concerts, television and filming, and special visitors. Plans from two institutions are included. 68p.
TO ORDER:
342 North Main St., West Hartford, CT, 06117-2507; Tel: 860-586-7517, Fax: 860-586-7550http://www.iaclea.org/visitors/resources/publication/index.cfm
Convergence: Yea or Nay?http://www.campustechnology.com/articles/64852/ Villano, Matt Campus Technology; v21 n11 , ps4-s8 ; Jul 2008
Discusses merging of campus physical and IT security, citing examples of hardware and software applications from higher education institutions that have merged these functions, as well as from those who have chosen to keep them separate.
The Road to Convergence.http://www.campustechnology.com/articles/64854/ Villano, Matt Campus Technology; v21 n11 , ps16,s17 ; Jul 2008
Presents six best practices for campus security technology convergence, beginning with testing the cable network, and continuing through product selection, careful and patient deployment, testing, and training.
Upgrade or Replace? It Depends.http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/Articles/?ArticleID=164 Grossman, Robert Campus Safety; v16 n3 , p42,44,46,47 ; May 2008
Advises on assessing the viability of existing campus security systems by considering whether or not they are functioning properly, as well as their age, serviceability, and expandability.
Outsourcing Campus Security Operations.
http://www2.peterli.com/cpm/resources/articles/archive.php?article_id=1792 Kollie, Ellen College Planning and Management; v11 n4 , p20,22 ; Apr 2008
Details the agreement between Auburn University and the city of Auburn whereby the city provides campus security via the municipal police force.
Emergency Power: The ABCs of UPS.
http://www.facilitiesnet.com/ms/article.asp?id=8596 Piper, James Maintenance Solutions; v16 n4 , p18 ; Apr 2008
Describes three types of passive standby uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and advises on selection, proper sizing, and maintenance of UPS units.
Small Steps to Safety.
http://www.universitybusiness.com/viewarticle.aspx?articleid=1041 Turner, Marcia University Business; v11 n3 , p48-53 ; Apr 2008
Discusses improving campus safety by timely observation, communication, and response regarding hazards such as broken or uneven sidewalks, theft, outdoor lighting, and pedestrian visibility from roadways.
Getting Video to Play Nicely on the Network.
http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/Articles/?ArticleID=153 Banerjee, Bob Campus Safety; v16 n2 , p54,56,58,59 ; Mar-Apr 2008
Discusses management techniques for digital security video to prevent overwhelming a network. Content analytics and convergence are emphasized as ways to reduce the bandwidth needed to collect and store surveillance video.
Virginia Tech One Year Later: How Campuses Have Responded.
http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/Articles/?ArticleID=157 Gray, Robin Campus Safety; v16 n2 , p18-20,22-26,28 ; Mar-Apr 2008
Reviews improved higher education campus security since the April, 2007, Virginia Tech shooting, based on a survey by this magazine. Areas of improvement discussed are mental health services, information sharing, emergency planning, funding for security, and access control. Charts and graphs illustrate the percentages of increase.
Time to Bring in Contract Security.
http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/Articles/?ArticleID=155 Tomosaitis, Nancy Campus Safety; v16 n2 , p44,46,47 ; Mar-Apr 2008
Discusses Vanderbilt University's experiences with student security monitors, and their conversion to outsourced security. This move came with its own concerns, the resolution of which is also discussed.
Budgeting for Security.
Wiens, Janet College Planning and Management; v11 n3 , p54-57 ; Mar 2008
Discusses funding security enhancement at higher education institutions, emphasizing collective buying by campus and community, and campus-wide involvement. A case study from the Sewanee: The University of the South is included.
Technology Impacts Parking Safety.
http://www.peterli.com/cpm/resources/articles/archive.php?article_id=1723 Wiens, Janet College Planning and Management; v11 n2 , p30-33 ; Feb 2008
Discusses technology options for safety in higher educational parking facilities, reviewing the need for targeted security messages and details of adequate lighting to deter crime and enable video surveillance.
Advanced Security Solutions in Higher Education.
King, Michael College Planning and Management; v11 n1 , p97,98 ; Jan 2008
Reviews current needs for security in higher education, including sophisticated digital video surveillance analytics that uses existing cameras, can play back without interrupting surveillance, and export images.
Preventing Crime in Parking Lots and Structures.
Kollie, Ellen College Planning and Management; v11 n1 , p26,27,29 ; Jan 2008
Discusses how to apply principles of natural surveillance, territorial reinforcement, natural access control, and target hardening for new parking facilities. Also included is advice on how to make an existing parking facility safer.
Big Ideas.
http://asumag.com/Construction/planning/university_big_ideas/ American School and University; v80 n3 , p362-383 ; Nov 2007
Presents selected responses of 57 active school architects to five questions concerning trends in school design and school security.
The New Hall Monitor.
http://www.securitymanagement.com/article/new-hall-monitor Security Management; Nov 2007
Reviews considerations for closed circuit television surveillance software, cameras, users, and installation, citing the experience of the North Carolina's Buncombe County School System.
Don't Drop the Ball When it Comes to Event Security.
http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/Articles/?ArticleID=129 Eakins, Lewis Hospital, School, & University Campus Safety; v15 n6 , p40,42,44,45 ; Nov-Dec 2007
Advises on security for campus events, including identification of assets in need of protection, identification of threats, rating the impact that loss might have, and determination of cost-benefit of mitigation strategies. Lighting, access controls, security cameras, and perimeter barriers are considered, and risk assessment matrices for athletic events and commencement exercises are included.
All American Upgrade.
http://www.campussafetymagazine.com/Articles/?ArticleID=131 Gray, Robin Hospital, School, & University Campus Safety; v15 n6 , p30-32 ; Nov-Dec 2007
Reviews how American University upgraded an uneven security system afflicted by poor installation and maintenance. Hardware and locking devices were standardized, staff was trained, cameras installed, and a dedicated security network created.
Building Security FAQ's.
http://www.universitybusiness.com/viewarticle.aspx?articleid=936 Powers, Vicki University Business; v11 n11 , p61-64 ; Nov 2007
Collates information from a number of higher education institutions that describes various ways video surveillance is handled. The balance between privacy and security, funding strategies, numbers and placement of video cameras, and video analytics, typical challenges, and upcoming evolutions in the technology are discussed.
After Accidents, Laboratory Safety is Questioned.
Field, Kelly The Chronicle of Higher Education; v54 n8 , pA1,A21 ; Oct 19, 2007
Reviews safety problems at rapidly-proliferating higher education biodefense laboratories. Lack of oversight and delays in incident reporting by research institutions are cited as particularly problematic.
After Va. Tech, Campuses Rush to Add Alert Systems.
Foster, Andrea The Chronicle of Higher Education; v54 n6 , pA1,A31,A32 ; Oct 05, 2007
Reviews combinations of low- and high-tech alerting techniques that are rapidly being deployed on college campuses in response to recent violent incidents. Challenges in getting students to sign up for alert services are discussed, as are the widely varying participation rates on selected campuses.
NFPA 150: The Road Ahead for Animal Housing Facilities.
Hawthorne, Timothy; Davodi, Hoosein Laboratory Design; v12 n9 , p8-10 ; Sep 2007
Discusses fire safety in animal housing facilities, according to the National Fire Protection Associations standard 150. The standard addresses society's value of animal life, an animal's inability to protect itself from fire when confined in structures, and the lack of animal considerations in current building, fire, and life safety codes. The three sections of the standard cover administrative requirements, general requirements for all animal facilities, and specific requirements focused on the class of the facility, with class being determined by amount of public access to the facility.
Minimizing Reheat Energy Use in Laboratories, Part Two.
http://www.labdesignnews.com/LaboratoryDesign/LD0707FEAT_3.asp Frenze, David; Mathew, Paul; Morehead, Michael; Sartor, Dale; Starr, William Laboratory Design; v12 n7 , p14-17 ; Jul 2007
Discusses the problem of simultaneous heating and cooling resulting from load variations in laboratories. The problem arises when adjacent laboratories have widely differing equipment loads, but are served by a single air-handling unit with zone reheat coils for temperature control. The air being supplied to the high-intensity laboratory drives the supply air temperature down, but that air will subsequently be reheated for the low-intensity laboratories in order to maintain desired temperatures. This second part of a two-part article describes alternative HVAC systems that will address the problem.
Safe Passage.
http://asumag.com/security/life_safety/university_safe_passage_2/ Razwick, Jeff American School and University; v70 n12 , p38-42 ; Jul 2007
Discusses thre primary elements of fire safety: detection, suppression, and compartmentalization of the structure. Particular attention is given to the properties of fire-rated glass and ceramics which offer compartmentalization without inhibiting visibility.
A Multi-Pronged Plan.
http://www.campustechnology.com/articles/48895/ Starkman, Neil Campus Technology; v20 n11 , pS9,S10,S12,S14 ; Jul 2007
Reviews a number of security technologies currently available for campus security. These include video surveillance, video analytics, cell phone alerting, and personal tracking systems.
Proven Tactics to Prevent Campus Weapons Assaults.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1379.shtm Dorn, Michael; Dorn, Chris College Planning and Management; v10 n6 , p22,24,26,28,29 ; Jun 2007
Reviews policies, procedures, and facilities-related measures for preventing higher education campus weapons assaults, including access control, traffic enforcement, metal detection, and a variety of search and threat assessment techniques.
Crisis on Campus.
http://asumag.com/security/university_crisis_campus/ Kennedy, Mike American School and University; v79 n10 , p18-20,22,24,25 ; May 2007
Reviews the sequence of events in the April 16, 2007 shooting at Virginia Tech University, and some of the particular security issues on multi-building college campuses. Various methods of notifying entire campuses of an emergency are discussed, as are the costs of training, technology, and mental health intervention.
Virginia Tech: The Challenge of Assuring Safety.
Rikleen, Lauren Stiller Chronicle of Higher Education; v53 n36 , pB14 ; May 2007
The recent events at Virginia Tech reinforce the idea that nothing is more fundamental for college leaders to address than campus security and safety. In this article, the author discusses what trustees need to do in order to assure safety within the colleges.
Different TV Reality.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/spm/1361.shtm Wren, Andrew; Spicer, Brad School Planning and Management; v46 n5 , p37,38,40,42 ; May 2007
Discusses the proactive use of video surveillance made possible through digitization. Real-time sharing with law enforcement, camera placement, open communication about the surveillance policy, system selection, testing, and scenarios of how police and fire personnel can be assisted by the technology are covered.
Seeing it Through.
http://asumag.com/security/cameras/university_seeing/ Wren, Andrew; Spicer, Brad American School and University; v79 n7 , p38-41 ; Mar 2007
Reviews current digital surveillance technology, with emphasis on IP video. Advice on selecting, funding, prioritizing, and collaborating on systems is included.
What's Your Emergency?
http://asumag.com/security/life_safety/university_whats_emergency/ Semer, Jeri; Ostrom, Dave; Peabody, Chris American School and University; v79 n6 , pSS44,SS46,SS48 ; Feb 2007
Discusses the use of IP telephony to assist in location of emergency callers and enhance campus security. This enhanced 911 (E911) capability for multi-line phone systems is the law in a growing number of states. Issues of phone location identification and the necessity for meticulous maintenance of this information are also covered.
Duquesne Stands Strong After Campus Shooting.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1294.shtm Sturgeon, Julie College Planning and Management; v10 n2 , p20,22,24 ; Feb 2007
Describes this institution's response to a shooting by visiting teenagers, including effective communications and a review of campus safety measures. Additional crowd control for events, as well improved security cameras, lighting, and signage were suggested by the review.
Prepare Students for Carbon Monoxide Safety in Residence Halls and Off-Campus Housing.
College Planning and Management; v9 n11 , pS14 ; Nov 2006
Advises on carbon monoxide safety, including proper alarms and recognition of symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Controlling the Ins and Outs of Campus Buildings.
Halligan, Mike College Planning and Management; v9 n11 , pS12 ; Nov 2006
Reviews six criteria that should be met in order for access-controlled egress doors to meet codes.
Bring on the Night.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1241.shtm Milshtein, Amy College Planning and Management; v9 n11 , p32,34,35 ; Nov 2006
Discusses proper night lighting that illuminates the intended campus area without excessive spill or glare, thus saving energy and avoiding the adverse environmental impact of a loss of night sky.
Systemizing Safety in Higher Education.
Nolan, Harry College Planning and Management; v9 n11 , pS3,S4,S6 ; Nov 2006
Outlines organization for effective campus security, listing the components of a thorough safety assessment, describing typical security challenges according to type of facility, and advice on how to build staff support and teamwork for a security program.
School Security: No Strings Attached?
Trundle, Steve College Planning and Management; v9 n11 , pS8,S10 ; Nov 2006
Describes opportunities for wireless technology in school security, particularly in remote and older buildings, and on construction sites. Special applications for day and night functions and advantages for web-enabled access are also outlined.
Student Safety and Security on the Campus and Beyond.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1158.shtm Borrelli, David College Planning and Management; v9 n7 , p40,42,43,45 ; Jul 2006
Suggests ways that training and coordinating campus security and custodial personnel can improve campus security.
Facilitating Fire Safety.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1132.shtm Halligan, Mike College Planning and Management; v9 n5 , p22,24,25 ; May 2006
Reviews the role that facilities staff play in fire safety, including keeping mechanical spaces clear, maintaining egress lighting and fire suppression systems, testing alarms, and promoting fire-safe products.
Enemy at the Gates.
http://athleticbusiness.com/articles/ Steinbach, Paul Athletic Business; v30 n5 , p36-40,42,44,46,47 ; May 2006
Discusses increased security at collegiate sporting events, citing steps taken by specific universities, security programs that have earned national recognition, and cost-effective interventions where such large numbers of people are involved.
Improving Campus Security.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/1104.shtm Milshtein, Amy College Planning and Management; v9 n3 , p36,38-40 ; Mar 2006
Reports on higher education campus crime levels, with theft, alcohol abuse, and sexual assault being the most frequent.
A Look Back at a Disaster Plan: What Went Wrong and Right.
Lawson, John The Chronicle of Higher Education; v52 n16 , pB20-B22 ; Dec 09, 2005
Presents an evaluation of Tulane University's disaster plan by the University's Vice President for Information Technology. The successes and failures of its information technology preparedness, continuance, and recovery program are detailed.
Case Study: Boise State University Gets to the Core of Housing Security.
College Planning and Management; v8 n11 , pS-26,S-27 ; Nov 2005
Describes the keying system put in place at this institution to reduce maintenance and spare parts requirements, as well as improve control over who has keys.
Complying with the Jeanne Cleary Act.
College Planning and Management; v8 n11 , pSS-24,S-25 ; Nov 2005
Describes the crime statistics that higher education institutions must report annually for incidents occurring on campus, in unobstructed areas adjacent to or running through the campus, and in off-campus facilities such as Greek housing and remote classrooms. The seven categories of crimes, other types of incidents, and building type requirements of the reporting are also outlined.
How to Prevent On- and Off-Campus Fires.
College Planning and Management; v8 n11 , pS-20,S-21 ; Nov 2005
Suggests rules for residence halls and Greek society housing that will help prevent fires. These involve banning of candles, appliances with exposed heating elements, and halogen lighting. Safe electrical practices and fire safety training are also outlined.
All-Hazards Campus Safety: From Tornadoes to Terrorism.
Dorn, Michael College Planning and Management; v8 n11 , pS-2,2-4,S-6 ; Nov 2005
Emphasizes the importance of a risk and vulnerability assessment before dramatic and expensive campus security measures are put in place. Four types of assessment tools are outlined, accompanied by advice on hiring consultants and how to write a plan that covers prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery.
Balancing the Freedom to Connect with the Mandate to Protect.
Lewis, William College Planning and Management; v8 n11 , pS-12,S14 ; Nov 2005
Describes steps taken at Arizona State University to maintain an accessible computer network while reducing the extraordinary numbers of security breaches being experienced. This involved securing a city-wide wireless network with significant public use, scanning laptops, and maintaining clear and constant communication with users.
When Disaster Strikes.
http://www.universitybusiness.com/page.cfm?p=940 Burton, John University Business; v8 n9 , p42-46 ; Sep 2005
Describes backup procedures followed at several higher education institutions to protect their data during disasters.
Safety by Design
Dorn, Michael College Planning and Management; v8 n8 , p16-17 ; Aug 2005
This describes the concept of CPTED, its limitations, and how it can be applied to concerns about severe weather and terrorism.
Keep it Safe.
Milshtein, Amy College Planning and Management; v8 n6 , p52,54,56,58 ; Jun 2005
Reviews recent changes in fire safety codes, with emphasis on sprinklers, exit doors, and wired or filmed glass. A fire sprinkler "Q & A" is included.
Shedding Light on University Security.
http://www.securitymanagement.com/article/shedding-light-university-security Roberts, Marta Security Management; May 2005
Advises on the incorporation of lighting into campus security, as a means of illumination for CCTV surveillance, influencing traffic flow, and creating a sense of safety. Recommended levels and gradations of light, light type, pole height, fixtures, maintenance, and walking the campus for assessment are discussed.
Cross-Campus CCTV.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/909.shtm Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v8 n4 , p22,24,26,28 ; Apr 2005
Explains how CCTV can be connected to existing campus wired or wireless networks, with handheld monitors for security officers.
On Fire for Safety.
Sturgeon, Julie College Planning and Management; v8 n2 , p26-28 ; Feb 2005
Describes efforts to improve fire safety on various college campuses, and to enhance relations with the local fire departments, especially since the campuses are typically exempt from local taxes. Also discussed are means of dealing with false alarms and students who refuse to evacuate in the event of an alarm.
Protecting Campus IT Assets.
College Planning and Management; v7 n11 , pS-18,S-19 ; Nov 2004
Describes potential threats to IT security, strategies that can help protect campus networks, and Concordia University of Wisconsin's endeavors in this area.
Residence Hall Rooms Become Safe and Sound.
Donahue, Meg College Planning and Management; v7 n11 , pS-6,S-8 ; Nov 2004
Describes the effectiveness of safes in residence hall rooms, due in part to the "fashionably portable" sizes of communications and computing technology.
Is Your Safety Plan up to the Best Practices?
Dorn, Michael College Planning and Management; v7 n11 , pS-2,S-4 ; Nov 2004
Recommends that higher education institutions follow the example of K-12 schools where more comprehensive safety planning practices have been established. Two significant publications for school safety planning are reviewed.
Opportunistic Security.
Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v7 n11 , pS-12,S-16,S-17 ; Nov 2004
Describes how disparate security technology responses on a campus can form the basis for an overall security strategy, including those seemingly unconnected implementations that respond to specific threats or incidents.
Making Fire Safety Technologies Safer on Campus.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/849.shtm Fickes, Michael. College Planning and Management; v7 n8 , p38,40-42 ; Aug 2004
Describes smoke detectors that announce tampering as well as smoke, networked fire detection and suppression technology, and sophisticated systems installed in dormitories at Boston's Northeastern University.
Preparing for Disaster.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_preparing_disaster/ Kennedy, Mike American School and University; v76 n11 , p16-18,21,22 ; Jun 2004
Discusses tornado and earthquake safety preparations, citing examples of damage and recovery at an Illinois middle school after a tornado, and at California State University, Northridge, after the 1994 earthquake.
More Security Technology on Campus.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/682.shtm Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v7 n5 , p42,44,45,46 ; May 2004
Describes the expanding roles of closed circuit television, access control, and computer security on higher education campuses. Legislation mandating more rigorous security and declining costs for these technologies make them more attractive.
The ABC's of Safety: Latest Trends in Security and Life-Safety for Educational Facilities.
http://www.buildings.com/Articles/detail.asp?articleID=1780 Babcock, Regina Raiford Buildings; v98 n3 , p28-30 ; Mar 2004
Describes integrated fire safety and security practices, one way paging, and smart card technology being used to enhance campus safety and security.
Preparing for Disaster.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/612.shtm Kollie, Ellen College Planning and Management; v7 n2 , p34,36,37 ; Feb 2004
Describes protective measures undertaken at two universities in advance of 2003's Hurricane Isabel, the minimal property damage sustained, and procedural changes that were made afterward.
Landscaping for Safety and Security.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/592.shtm Kollie, Ellen College Planning and Management; v6 n12 , p18,20 ; Dec 2003
Advises incorporation of landscaping design for safety within campus master plans. Discusses plantings that preserve sight lines and enhance safety, as well as ways to separate pedestrians and vehicles.
Campus Shootings-Could Your School Be Next? How to Reduce and Prevent Weapons Violations and Assaults on Campus.
Dorn, Michael S. College Planning and Management; v6 n11 , pS16-S20 ; Nov 2003
Outlines concepts for reducing weapons violations and assaults including strict policies with diligent enforcement, screening of employees and proactive mental health services.
TO ORDER:
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb055/is_200311/ai_hibm1G1111647037
The Integration of Security Technology.
Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v6 n11 , pS3-S4 ; Nov 2003
Describes how alarms, surveillance equipment, locks and security personnel can share data to enhance campus security without the necessity of investing in the latest and most expensive equipment.
The New World of Campus One-Cards.
Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v6 n11 , pS8,S10 ; Nov 2003
Describes recent innovations in student identification cards that enhance security, register attendance, and perform accounting functions.
TO ORDER:
http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-111647035.html
Ins and Outs of Campus Access.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_ins_outs_campus/ Koziol, Jeff American School and University; v76 n1 , p48,50,52 ; Sep 2003
Suggests determining campus access by deciding who will get access to which points at which times. Describes aspects and vulnerabilities of keycode, magnetic stripe cards, and biometric systems.
The Essentials of Safety and Security Management.
Jones, Lance D. College Planning and Management; v6 n8 , p31-33 ; Aug 2003
Presents a road map for colleges and universities to follow when establishing an in-house protective services department, focusing on: the leadership and command structure, screening and hiring of security officers, training of campus security personnel, documentation of officers' actions, policies and procedures (particularly regarding the use of deadly force), and equipment and resources needed for officers to perform their duties.
TO ORDER:
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb055/is_200308/ai_hibm1G1108266258
Security/Life Safety: A Need for Change.
http://asumag.com/mag/university_need_change/ Ellsworth, Douglas American School and University; v75 n11 , p30-32 ; Jul 2003
In response to legislation, colleges and universities in several states must prepare to install sprinkler systems. Four basic issues an engineering study should examine include: whether the existing water service has the size, capacity, and pressure to support a sprinkler system; whether the protected facility will have to comply with more stringent code requirements; what the sprinkler system will cost; and what project planning and management will cost.
Homeland Security Hits Home.
http://www.facilitiesnet.com/bom/may03/May03security.shtml Sullivan, Edward Building Operating Management; May 2003
This discusses how the war in Iraq and a Code Orange alert brought tighter facility security. Facilities managers took small, sometimes temporary steps intended to make it a bit harder to get into facilities, to improve lines of communication, and to assure that plans work as expected. Examples incude actions taken by several universities, such as Georgia Institute of Technology, University of Miami, and Emory University.
Evaluating Your Campus Mail Center Security.
Weiner, Mitchell D. College Planning and Management; v6 m5 , p20-22 ; May 2003
Describes five strategies to consider when evaluating the security of a campus mail center: mail center efficiency, electronic tracking, identifying dangerous mail, training, and continuity planning.
One-Card Programs Boast Endless Options.
Pearcey, Kevin College Planning and Management; v6 n2 , p26-28 ; Feb 2003
Discusses how all-campus ID cards are easy to manage, enhance overall campus security, lower operating expenses, and provide a chance to build lasting relationships with the community by taking the card to off-campus businesses.
Safety and Security: Lessons Learned from 9/11.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/412.shtm Schmitz, William J. College Planning and Management; v5 n12 , p20-22 ; Dec 2002
Discusses issues faced by the Borough of Manhattan Community College following the September 11th terrorist attacks: the expense of recovery and budgeting for it, developing an emergency preparedness plan, the characteristics of emergency management and disaster recovery plans, technology and its role in emergency management, being prepared for obstacles in recovery, documentation, HVAC and air handling systems, building and facility design, and business management and purchasing.
Access Control Is More than Security.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/409.shtm Fickes, Michael College Planning and Management; v5 n11 , p34-46 ; Nov 2002
Describes the University of New Mexico's photo identification LOBO card system, which performs both security and validation tasks. It is used in conjunction with several C-CURE 800 Integrated Security Management Systems supplied by Software House of Lexington, Massachusetts.
What the Disaster Planning Lessons Didn t Teach You.
http://www.peterli.com/archive/cpm/400.shtm Sturgeon, Julie College Planning and Management; v5 n10 , p17-18 ; Oct 2002
Describes how officials at the Borough of Manhattan Community College dealt with the emergency created by September 11, and offers a list of tips for dealing with out-of-the-ordinary emergencies.
We Have Seen the Enemy...
http://www.universitybusiness.com/page.cfm?p=204 Goral, Tim University Business; Sep 2002
One year after 9/11, colleges and universities are using the impetus to jump-start d | ||
